Which of these factors can lead to cardiac impairment over time in diabetic patients?

Hyperglycemia is a significant factor that can lead to cardiac impairment in diabetic patients over time. Chronic high blood sugar levels are associated with various detrimental effects on the cardiovascular system, including endothelial dysfunction, increased oxidative stress, and inflammation. These changes contribute to the development of atherosclerosis, which can lead to coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, and other cardiovascular complications.

In diabetic patients, prolonged exposure to elevated glucose levels also heightens the risk of developing diabetic cardiomyopathy, a condition where the heart's ability to function efficiently is compromised, independent of other factors like hypertension or coronary artery disease. Managing blood sugar levels is crucial in preventing these negative outcomes and preserving cardiac health.